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Evaluation of different decalcifying agents on histochemical and immunohistochemical staining properties of canine osseous tissue
Reyhaneh Shafieian, Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan, Esmail Ranjbar,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of tissue processing is to strengthen the tissue and place it in a suitable environment for slicing without causing damage. In routine histopathology, decalcification of calcified tissues is a principal step before tissue processing. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of several decalcifying agents on morphological and antigenic preservation in canine mandibular tissue.
Methods: Four different decalcifying solutions, including 5% nitric acid (NA), 10% and 20% formic acid (FA), and 10% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), were employed to remove mineral salts from specimens harvested from mandibular osseous tissues of four healthy Mongrel dogs (32 samples). The solutions were compared regarding the decalcification time, ease of tissue slicing, morphological organization after Alizarin red S staining, and osteocalcin antigenic preservation.
Results: Considering the short decalcification time and ease of sectioning, 5% NA) yielded better results than 10% and 20% FA and 10% EDTA (pH 7.4). In terms of the preservation of morphology and antigenicity of the tissue samples, 10% EDTA was found to be the most optimal solution, followed by 10% and 20% FA and 5% NA.
Conclusion: Our findings support EDTA as a highly preferred choice for the decalcification of canine osseous tissue when aiming for immunohistochemistry, despite its time-consuming nature. However, for general histological staining procedures, 20% FA and 5% NA are preferred.
 
Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of pediatric mediastinal tumors: A 10-year retrospective study
Mahlagha Zahedi , Sahar Abbasinia ,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (7-2026)
Abstract

Background: Primary mediastinal masses account for 3% of all chest tumors. Owing to their heterogeneous clinical presentations and the need for precise diagnosis, this study evaluated the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of children with primary mediastinal masses admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran, between 2011 and 2021.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 17 children under 18 years of age with primary mediastinal masses were evaluated using census sampling. Data were collected with a checklist that included age, sex, tumor location, presenting symptoms, tumor type, treatment received, and malignancy status. Prognosis and survival were subsequently assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22, with Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests applied for survival assessment.
Results: Among the 17 patients, 12 (70.6%) were girls and 5 (29.4%) were boys. Five patients (29.4%) died during follow-up. Nine tumors (53%) were benign and eight (47%) were malignant. Ganglioneuroma was the most frequent tumor type (29.4%). Survival analysis showed no statistically significant association between survival and surgery (P=0.222), malignancy status (P=0.158), neural origin (P=0.666), chemotherapy (P=0.057), radiotherapy (P=0.752), tumor location (P=0.661), sex (P=0.670), or age (P=0.877).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the distribution of histological types of primary mediastinal masses in children is influenced by anatomical location. However, age, sex, treatment type, and tumor location were not significantly associated with survival outcomes in this cohort.


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